Analysing the performance of AODV, OLSR, and DSDV routing protocols in VANET based on the ECIE method

Abstract In a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), vehicles communicate with each other (V2V) and with infrastructure (V2I) to optimise routing and reach their destinations efficiently. Various routing protocols in the VANET environment facilitate the dissemination of different types of messages, such as those for emergencies or traffic updates. However, previous research has not sufficiently addressed the challenges of energy efficiency, security, and reliability in VANET routing. This work aims to fill that gap by analysing the performance of three major VANET routing protocols—ad hoc on‐demand distance vector (AODV), Optimised Link State Routing (OLSR), and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector—integrated with elliptic curve integrated encryption. The goal is to determine the most suitable routing protocol based on these key parameters. The study involves two key processes: registration and authentication, and the analysis of ECIE‐enhanced routing protocols (ECIE‐AODV, ECIE‐OLSR, and ECIE‐DSDV). These protocols were simulated using OMNET++ and SUMO tools, and the results were evaluated based on metrics such as throughput, packet delivery ratio, end‐to‐end delay (e2e), jitter, and routing overhead.