Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of monkeypox among people with and without HIV in Peru: a national observational study

Background: In Latin America, Peru has the second highest number of cases of monkeypox (Mpox), of which more than 50 % are Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive. Here, we compared the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Mpox between people with and without HIV in Peru. Methods: We conducted a national retrospective study using data on confirmed cases of Mpox reported by the Peruvian National Surveillance System from 15 June 2022 to 31 December 2023. Results: A total of 3561 confirmed cases of Mpox were included. Of these, 2123 (60 %) patients were people living with HIV (PLWH), with increased odds for those aged 30 years or older, homosexual (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.58 [6.95–10.59], p