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Fragmentation and ISRS-Aware Survivable Routing, Band, Modulation, and Spectrum Allocation Algorithm in Multi-Band Elastic Optical Networks
- Source :
- Applied Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 4755 (2024)
- Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2024.
-
Abstract
- The C+L band elastic optical networks (C+L-EONs) increase the network capacity significantly. However, the introduction of an L band enhances the inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering effect (ISRS), consequently deteriorating the quality of transmission (QoT) of the signal. Furthermore, spectrum allocation leads to spectrum fragmentation inevitably, which escalates the bandwidth blocking rate. In addition, in C+L-EONs, a single fiber carries more services, and once one of the links fails, a huge number of requests will be interrupted, resulting in huge economic losses. Therefore, this paper proposes a survivability routing, band, modulation, and spectrum allocation (RBMSA) algorithm that effectively guarantees service survivability and reduces the impact of ISRS and spectrum fragmentation. The algorithm employs shared backup path protection and a band partitioning method, whereby the spectrum resource of the primary path is assigned in the L band and the backup path is assigned in the C band in order to minimize the impact of ISRS on the QoT of the request while ensuring the survivability of the network. Furthermore, a fragmentation metric accounting for both the free and shared spectrum resource is proposed to mitigate both free and shared spectrum fragmentation. The simulation results reveal that the proposed RBMSA algorithm reduces the bandwidth blocking probability (BBP) and the fragmentation rate (FR) by 47.7% and 21.3%, respectively, and improves the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) by 4.17 dB in NSFNET. In COST239, the BBP, FR, and OSNR are 22.1%, 21.5%, and 4.71 dB, respectively.
- Subjects :
- C+L-bands elastic optical networks (C+L-EONs)
routing, band, modulation, and spectrum allocation (RBMSA)
survivability
fragmentation
inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS)
Technology
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
TA1-2040
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Physics
QC1-999
Chemistry
QD1-999
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14114755 and 20763417
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Applied Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.387c721b1b024764aacc3432a39c7116
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/app14114755