Overall Planning of Public Power and Expression of Private Rights in Cross-regional Trading of Construction Land Quotas

In China, the trading of construction land quotas has undergone an institutional evolution process characterized by gradual deregulation. In 2021, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) resolved to develop a national cross-regional trading mechanism for construction land quotas. Construction land quotas, which have attributes of both public power and private rights, share certain common grounds with the rights of land development, dumping and carbon emission. To build a national trading market for construction land quotas, it is necessary to make clarifications and innovations in macro-level ideas, meso-level mechanisms, and micro-level designs