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Dietary Phosphorus, Its Sources, and Mortality in Adults on Haemodialysis: The DIET-HD Study
- Source :
- Nutrients, Vol 14, Iss 19, p 4064 (2022)
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Dietary phosphorus restrictions are usually recommended for people on haemodialysis, although its impact on patient-relevant outcomes is uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the association between total phosphorus intake and its sources with mortality in haemodialysis. Phosphorus intake was ascertained within the DIET-HD study in 8110 adults on haemodialysis. Adjusted Cox regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between the total and source-specific phosphorus (plant-, animal-, or processed and other sources) with mortality. During a median 3.8 years of follow-up, there were 2953 deaths, 1160 cardiovascular-related. The median phosphorus intake was 1388 mg/day. Every standard deviation (SD) (896 mg/day) increase in total phosphorus was associated with higher all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.16; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.06–1.26] and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03–1.36). Every SD (17%) increase in the proportion of phosphorus from plant sources was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90–0.99). Every SD (9%) increase in the proportion of phosphorus from the processed and other sources was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02–1.10). A higher total phosphorus intake was associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular death. This association is driven largely by the phosphorus intake from processed food. Plant based phosphorus was associated with lower all-cause mortality.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20726643
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 19
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Nutrients
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.343e1e1a9cf2495aa5f066a76db49097
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194064