Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia: An Unusual Manifestation of Kawasaki Disease

Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIg) can cause Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA) in some patients. There are many reports of AIHA developing in children with Kawasaki Disease (KD) after they were treated with IVIg. However, AIHA is seldom reported at the onset of KD, prior to the treatment with IVIg. Here, we report a case of a 10-month-old infant, who developed AIHA alongside the manifestations of KD. Treatment with IVIg resulted in the resolution of symptoms of both KD and AIHA. We also present a review of the literature on similar findings. This suggests that AIHA may be an uncommon manifestation of KD; or that KD and AIHA may both be stimulated, in susceptible persons, by some common agent.