Diurnal Variation Characteristics of the Surface Sensible Heat Flux over the Tibetan Plateau

The characteristics of diurnal variation of the surface sensible heat flux (SH) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are comprehensively investigated by using the long-term dataset of integrated land–atmosphere interaction observations (2006–2016) on the TP. Results show that the diurnal variation of SH shows obvious seasonal variabilities in terms of amplitude, duration, and peak time. At the Muztagh Ata Westerly Observation and Research Station (MAWORS), the Ngari Desert Observation and Research Station (NADORS), and the Qomolangma Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research Station (QOMS), the SH diurnal amplitude is consistently the largest in spring, followed by summer and autumn, and the smallest in winter, with a peak at 15:00. However, for the Southeast Tibet Observation and Research Station (SETORS), the amplitude in winter is rather violent with the peak at 12:00. We find that positive SH at most stations has the longest duration from May to August. Moreover, the peak time fluctuates from month to month, even showing a shift at the QOMS before and after 2015, and the double-peak phenomenon of SH mainly occurs in spring and autumn. Additionally, magnitudes of calculated SH with the conventional heat transfer coefficient (CDH) of 0.004 are about 64–100% larger than those of directly observed SH at the QOMS and the Nam Co Monitoring and Research Station (NAMORS). We here additionally recommend a new CDH values of about 2.24 × 10−3 in spring and 2.78 × 10−3 in summer, respectively, to more accurately calculate the TP SH.