Slip Estimation Model for Planetary Rover Using Gaussian Process Regression

Monitoring the rover slip is important; however, a certain level of estimation uncertainty is inevitable. In this paper, we establish slip estimation models for China’s Mars rover, Zhurong, using Gaussian process regression (GPR). The model was able to predict not only the average value of the longitudinal (slip_x) and lateral slip (slip_y), but also the maximum possible value that slip_x and slip_y could reach. The training data were collected on two simulated soils, TYII-2 and JLU Mars-2, and the GA-BP algorithm was applied as a comparison. The analysis results demonstrated that the soil type and dataset source had a direct impact on the applicability of the slip model on Mars conditions. The properties of the Martian soil near the Zhurong landing site were closer to the JLU Mars-2 simulated soil. The proposed GPR model had high estimation accuracy and estimation potential in slip value, and a 95% confidence interval that the rover could reach during motion. This work was part of a research effort aimed at ensuring the safety of Zhurong. The slip value may be used in subsequent path tracking research, and the slip confidence interval will be able to help guide path planning.