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Genetic heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease across ancestries: Insights for mechanisms and therapeutic intervention

Authors :
Opeyemi Soremekun
Marie-Joe Dib
Skanda Rajasundaram
Segun Fatumo
Dipender Gill
Source :
Cambridge Prisms: Precision Medicine, Vol 1 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
Cambridge University Press, 2023.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are complex in their aetiology, arising due to a combination of genetics, lifestyle and environmental factors. By nature of this complexity, different CVDs vary in their molecular mechanisms, clinical presentation and progression. Although extensive efforts are being made to develop novel therapeutics for CVDs, genetic heterogeneity is often overlooked in the development process. By considering molecular mechanisms at an individual and ancestral level, a richer understanding of the influence of environmental and lifestyle factors can be gained and more refined therapeutic interventions can be developed. It is therefore expedient to understand the molecular and clinical heterogeneity in CVDs that exists across different populations. In this review, we highlight how the mechanisms underlying CVDs vary across diverse population ancestry groups due to genetic heterogeneity. We then discuss how such genetic heterogeneity is being leveraged to inform therapeutic interventions and personalised medicine, highlighting examples across the CVD spectrum. Finally, we present an overview of how polygenic risk scores and Mendelian randomisation can foster more robust insight into disease mechanisms and therapeutic intervention in diverse populations. Fulfilment of the vision of precision medicine requires more exhaustive leveraging of the genetic variability across diverse ancestry populations to improve our understanding of disease onset, progression and response to therapeutic intervention.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
27526143
Volume :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Cambridge Prisms: Precision Medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.317351c7de146dd96d1ad031a5c1525
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1017/pcm.2022.13