Implementing operational strategy of closed-loop supply chain considering data intelligence level with an online platform

At present, the manufacturer collaborates on selling and recycling through an online platform. We explores the mode selection of closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) under the reselling or agency modes in forward SC and under the delegated-recycling mode or agency-recycling mode in reverse SC considering data intelligence level with an online platform. The results show that both the retail price of intelligent connected products (ICPs) and the demand of new ICPs are positively correlated with data intelligence level of new ICPs. The recycling price of old ICPs is negatively relevant to data intelligence level of old ICPs. However, the recycling quantity of old ICPs is positively related to data intelligence level of old ICPs. Increasing data intelligence level of new ICPs is benefit to enterprises. Moreover, it is very unconventional that the demand of new ICPs is increasing when the retail price of new ICPs increases. In addition, the manufacturer can choose the optimal selling mode and recycling mode by setting the selling commission rate and the recycling commission rate.