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Diagnosis and treatment outcomes of adult tuberculosis in an urban setting with high HIV prevalence in Sierra Leone: A retrospective study

Authors :
Sulaiman Lakoh
Darlinda F. Jiba
Olukemi Adekanmbi
Eva Poveda
Foday Sahr
Gibrilla F. Deen
Lynda M. Foray
Wadzani Gashau
Christopher J. Hoffmann
Robert A. Salata
George A. Yendewa
Source :
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 96, Iss , Pp 112-118 (2020)
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
Elsevier, 2020.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the diagnosis, treatment outcomes, and predictors of mortality in adult tuberculosis (TB) patients in an urban setting with a high HIV prevalence. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of adult TB patients aged ≥15 years who were treated at Connaught Hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone from January through December 2017. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of mortality. Results: Of 1127 TB cases notified in 2017, 1105 (98%) were tested for HIV, yielding a TB/HIV co-infection rate of 32.0%. Only HIV-tested cases (n = 1105) were included in the final analysis. The majority were male (69.3%), aged 25–34 years (29.2%), and had pulmonary TB (96.3%). Treatment outcomes were as follows: 29.0% cured, 29.0% completed, 0.5% treatment failure, 24.2% lost to follow-up, 12.8% transferred/not evaluated, and 4.5% died. The majority of deaths (80.0%, 40/50) occurred within 2 months of TB treatment initiation. Age 65 years or older (adjusted odds ratio 3.48, 95% confidence interval 1.15–10.56; p = 0.027) and HIV-positive status (adjusted odds ratio 3.50, 95% confidence interval 1.72–7.12; p = 0.001) were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Suboptimal TB treatment outcomes were observed in Sierra Leone in 2017. More local and international action is warranted to help achieve the 2035 global TB elimination targets.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
12019712
Volume :
96
Issue :
112-118
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.2d0ab9c6cd604060b6ed0b3080ed2f1b
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.038