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Low-Level Expression of p-S6 Is Associated with Nodal Metastasis in Patients with Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Authors :
Celia Gómez-de Castro
Raquel Santos-Juanes
Borja Nuñez-Gómez
Iván Fernández-Vega
Blanca Vivanco
Adela Fernández-Velasco
Sebastián Reyes-García
Jimena Carrero-Martín
Juana M. García-Pedrero
Juan P. Rodrigo
María del Carmen González-Vela
Jorge Santos-Juanes
Cristina Galache
Source :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 8, p 4304 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer. The incidence of metastasis for cSCC is estimated to be around 1.2–5%. Ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6) and the p21 protein (p21) are two proteins that play central roles in other cancers. These proteins may be equally important in cSCC, and together, these could constitute a good candidate for metastasis risk assessment of these patients. We investigate the relationship of p-S6 and p21 expression with the impact on the prognosis of head and neck cSCC (cSCCHN). p-S6 and p21 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 116 patients with cSCCHN and associations sought with clinical characteristics. Kaplan–Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazard regression models were also used. The expression of p-S6 was significantly inversely associated with tumor thickness, tumor size, desmoplastic growth, pathological stage, perineural invasion and tumor buds. p21 expression was significantly inversely correlated with >6 mm tumor thickness, desmoplastic growth, and perineural invasion. p-S6-negative expression significantly predicted an increased risk of nodal metastasis (HR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.51–4.54; p < 0.001). p21 expression was not found to be a significant risk factor for nodal metastasis. These findings demonstrate that p-S6-negative expression is an independent predictor of nodal metastasis. The immunohistochemical expression of p-S6 might aid in better risk stratification and management of patients with cSCCHN.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14220067 and 16616596
Volume :
25
Issue :
8
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.2c96cf5c684347f0b91fd0a1c166ac69
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084304