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The Roles of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, and an Inducer of These Factors in Drug Dependence
- Source :
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Vol 104, Iss 2, Pp 116-121 (2007)
- Publication Year :
- 2007
- Publisher :
- Elsevier, 2007.
-
Abstract
- There are few efficacious medications for drug dependence at present. Recent evidence has suggested that various cytokines are involved in the effects of abused drugs, suggesting that these factors play a role in drug dependence. In this article, the roles of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in drug dependence are discussed. GDNF inhibits the cocaine-induced upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the ventral tegmental area and blocks behavioral responses to cocaine. TNF-α attenuates rewarding effects and locomotor sensitization induced by methamphetamine (METH) and morphine (MOR). Moreover, we mentioned the potential of Leu-Ile, which induces the expression of GDNF and TNF-α, as a novel therapeutic agent for drug dependence. Leu-Ile inhibits not only the development but also the maintenance of METH- or MOR-induced place preference and locomotor sensitization in mice. The inhibitory effect of Leu-Ile on METH- or MOR-induced place preference is not observed in GDNF heterozygous and TNF-α knockout mice. Leu-Ile inhibits METH- or MOR-induced place preference and sensitization by attenuating the METH- or MOR-induced increase in extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens via the induction of GDNF and TNF-α expression. These findings suggest that Leu-Ile could be a novel therapeutic agent for drug dependence. Keywords:: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, methamphetamine, morphine, Leu-Ile
- Subjects :
- Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13478613
- Volume :
- 104
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.2b83470ee774e998e51a083385495dc
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1254/jphs.CP0070017