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Seasonal dynamics and annual budget of dissolved inorganic carbon in the northwestern Mediterranean deep-convection region
- Source :
- Biogeosciences, Vol 20, Pp 4683-4710 (2023)
- Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- Copernicus Publications, 2023.
-
Abstract
- Deep convection plays a key role in the circulation, thermodynamics, and biogeochemical cycles in the Mediterranean Sea, which is considered to be a hotspot of biodiversity and climate change. In the framework of the DEWEX (Dense Water Experiment) project, the seasonal and annual budgets of dissolved inorganic carbon in the deep-convection area of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea are investigated over the period September 2012–September 2013 using a 3D coupled physical–biogeochemical–chemical modeling approach. At the annual scale, we estimate that the northwestern Mediterranean Sea's deep-convection region was a moderate sink of 0.5 mol C m−2 yr−1 of CO2 for the atmosphere. The model results show the reduction of oceanic CO2 uptake during deep convection and its increase during the abrupt spring phytoplankton bloom following the deep-convection events. We highlight the major roles in the annual dissolved inorganic carbon budget of both the biogeochemical and physical fluxes, which amount to −3.7 and 3.3 mol C m−2 yr−1, respectively, and are 1 order of magnitude higher than the air–sea CO2 flux. The upper layer (from the surface to 150 m depth) of the northwestern deep-convection region gained dissolved inorganic carbon through vertical physical transport and, to a lesser extent, oceanic CO2 uptake, and it lost dissolved inorganic carbon through lateral transport and biogeochemical fluxes. The region, covering 2.5 % of the Mediterranean, acted as a source of dissolved inorganic carbon for the surface and intermediate water masses of the Balearic Sea and southwestern Mediterranean Sea and could represent up to 22 % and 11 %, respectively, of the CO2 exchanges with the Atlantic Ocean at the Strait of Gibraltar.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17264170 and 17264189
- Volume :
- 20
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Biogeosciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.2abfa6599b494cb181bce5c95e13c58f
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4683-2023