ADVANCES IN THE APPLICATION OF THE 'VALVE-IN-VALVE' TECHNIQUE IN TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT

More and more biological valves have been used in aortic valve replacement in the world due to their unique advantages; however, due to the poor durability of biological valves and other reasons, valve deterioration is an inevitable problem of artificial biological valves. Once severe valve deterioration occurs, it can lead to valve stenosis or regurgitation, which may result in cardiac enlargement and cardiac insufficiency and often require valve re-replacement. Surgical valve replacement has long been the gold standard for the treatment of aortic valve deterioration, but since biological valves are mostly used in the elderly and there is a high risk of surgical valve re-replacement, many patients are rejected from surgery. In recent years, due to the accumulation of experience in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and related technical advances, it has been increasingly applied in the treatment of biological valve deterioration, especially the application of “valve-in-valve” TAVR.