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Protein Ingestion in Reducing the Risk of Late-Onset Post-Exercise Hypoglycemia: A Pilot Study in Adolescents and Youth with Type 1 Diabetes

Authors :
Nirubasini Paramalingam
Barbara L. Keating
Tarini Chetty
Paul A. Fournier
Wayne H. K. Soon
Joanne M. O’Dea
Alison G. Roberts
Michael Horowitz
Timothy W. Jones
Elizabeth A. Davis
Source :
Nutrients, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 543 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

Dietary protein causes dose-dependent hyperglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study investigated the effect of consuming 50 g of protein on overnight blood glucose levels (BGLs) following late-afternoon moderate-intensity exercise. Six participants (3M:3F) with T1D, HbA1c 7.5 ± 0.8% (58.0 ± 8.7 mmol/mol) and aged 20.2 ± 3.1 years exercised for 45 min at 1600 h and consumed a protein drink or water alone at 2000 h, on two separate days. A basal insulin euglycemic clamp was employed to measure the mean glucose infusion rates (m-GIR) required to maintain euglycemia on both nights. The m-GIR on the protein and water nights during the hypoglycemia risk period and overnight were 0.27 ± 043 vs. 1.60 ± 0.66 mg/kg/min (p = 0.028, r = 0.63) and 0.51 ± 0.16 vs. 1.34 ± 0.71 mg/kg/min (p = 0.028, r = 0.63), respectively. Despite ceasing intravenous glucose infusion on the protein night, the BGLs peaked at 9.6 ± 1.6 mmol/L, with a hypoglycemia risk period mean of 7.8 ± 1.5 mmol/L compared to 5.9 ± 0.4 mmol/L (p = 0.028) on the water night. The mean plasma glucagon levels were 51.5 ± 14.1 and 27.2 ± 10.1 ng/L (p = 0.028) on the protein and water night, respectively. This suggests that an intake of protein is effective at reducing the post-exercise hypoglycemia risk, potentially via a glucagon-mediated stimulation of glucose production. However, 50 g of protein may be excessive for maintaining euglycemia.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20726643
Volume :
15
Issue :
3
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Nutrients
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.29ddc74e9a174681986d2f90a88a9bee
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030543