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Inflammatory Signatures of Maternal Obesity as Risk Factors for Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Role of Maternal Microbiota and Nutritional Intervention Strategies

Authors :
Francesca Cirulli
Roberta De Simone
Chiara Musillo
Maria Antonietta Ajmone-Cat
Alessandra Berry
Source :
Nutrients, Vol 14, Iss 15, p 3150 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Obesity is a main risk factor for the onset and the precipitation of many non-communicable diseases. This condition, which is associated with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, is of main concern during pregnancy leading to very serious consequences for the new generations. In addition to the prominent role played by the adipose tissue, dysbiosis of the maternal gut may also sustain the obesity-related inflammatory milieu contributing to create an overall suboptimal intrauterine environment. Such a condition here generically defined as “inflamed womb” may hold long-term detrimental effects on fetal brain development, increasing the vulnerability to mental disorders. In this review, we will examine the hypothesis that maternal obesity-related gut dysbiosis and the associated inflammation might specifically target fetal brain microglia, the resident brain immune macrophages, altering neurodevelopmental trajectories in a sex-dependent fashion. We will also review some of the most promising nutritional strategies capable to prevent or counteract the effects of maternal obesity through the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress or by targeting the maternal microbiota.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20726643
Volume :
14
Issue :
15
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Nutrients
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.294f4afe1c2c40f5a26b8219adcc0d9a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153150