Effects of a low-protein nutritional formula with dietary counseling in older adults with chronic kidney disease stages 3–5: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Although combining a low-protein diet (LPD) with oral nutritional supplements increases treatment adherence and nutritional status in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the effect of this combination approach in older adults remains unclear. This study examined the impact of a 6% low-protein formula (6% LPF) with diet counseling in older adults with stage 3–5 CKD. Methods In this three-month randomized controlled study, 66 patients (eGFR