Back to Search Start Over

Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Compacted Clay–Sand Layers

Authors :
Muawia Dafalla
Abdullah Shaker
Mosleh Al-Shamrani
Source :
Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 22, p 11547 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

The ASTM D6951 suggests a test method using the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) for the assessment of shallow pavement strength. This study is dedicated to evaluating a similar test method to be used for fine-grained clay–sand mixtures, which are commonly used to construct liners and fluid barriers. The liner layers include clay, which is water-sensitive. The shear strength of the liners depends mainly on the composition and proportions of the mixtures adopted. A series of tests were conducted in the laboratory for compacted clay–sand mixtures, including 5% and 10% bentonite material. The responses to advancing a dynamic probe into compacted material at three various moisture conditions—namely, the optimum, dry of optimum, and wet of optimum water contents—are investigated. The penetration profiles are compared for the two clay content levels selected and for three moisture state conditions. The clay–sand liners support vehicles and vibratory compactors during construction and when waste material is placed. The shear strengths of the mixtures are evaluated in the laboratory using direct shear tests. From the results obtained in this investigation, general guidelines and recommendations are presented to help with the efficient assessment of liners consisting of clay–sand mixtures. A cheap and quick approach to assess the density and shear strength of landfill liners or clay–sand layers can be achieved using a hand-held dynamic cone penetrometer. The state of moisture during compaction was found to influence the DCP results. The compaction of layers in a wet of optimum state is not expected to be an ideal alternative.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20763417
Volume :
12
Issue :
22
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Applied Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.2764b27e309d4dadb0fcaeec8a72cd6a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211547