Clinical performance of a direct submicron hybrid and indirect zirconium reinforced composite restorations: A 2-year assessment

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of direct and indirect composite resin restorations placed in posterior teeth after 2 years. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 teeth were restored with a direct composite resin (BRILLIANT EverGlowTM– Coltene) and an indirect composite resin (CeramageTM– Shofu). All restorations were assessed using the Modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months after placement. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-Square test and Cochran's Q test. Results: At the 2-year evaluation, all restorations were retained, with Alpha ratings at 100%. Only two teeth (in the direct restoration group) required endodontic intervention after 18 months due to secondary caries. Surface texture, marginal discoloration, and marginal integrity were predominantly scored as Alpha after 2 years for both groups. Color match was scored as Alpha in 65.4% of direct restorations and 84.4% of indirect restorations. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study it can be concluded that the clinical performance of the indirect restorations was much improved than that of direct restorations.