Food literacy and its relationship with food intake: a comparison between adults and older adults using 2021 Seoul Food Survey data

OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine the differences in food literacy between adults and older adults and the association of food literacy with food group intake. METHODS In total, 4,039 participants from the 2021 Survey for Food Consumption in Seoul were included in this study. The intake of whole grains, high-protein foods, total vegetables, vegetables excluding kimchi and pickles, fresh fruits, and milk and dairy products was assessed using a simple food frequency questionnaire. Food literacy was measured using a food literacy measurement questionnaire. RESULTS With the exception of milk and dairy, adults had a significantly higher proportion of insufficient food intake than older adults (p