Immunosuppressive biomaterial-based therapeutic vaccine to treat multiple sclerosis via re-establishing immune tolerance

Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating autoimmune disease, for which therapy is not curative, only slowing down progression at the expense of general immune suppression. Here authors show that in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, disease progression could be halted or even reversed by a nanovaccine, composed of reactive oxygen species scavenging cerium oxide nanoparticles, which establishes immune tolerance against the relevant autoantigen.