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Antimicrobial Properties and Cytotoxic Effect Evaluation of Nanosized Hydroxyapatite and Fluorapatite Dedicated for Alveolar Bone Regeneration

Authors :
Wojciech Zakrzewski
Zbigniew Rybak
Magdalena Pajączkowska
Joanna Nowicka
Maria Szymonowicz
Agnieszka Rusak
Rafał J. Wiglusz
Katarzyna Szyszka
Jacek Chmielowiec
Grzegorz Chodaczek
Krzysztof Kujawa
Bartosz Mielan
Maciej Dobrzyński
Source :
Applied Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 17, p 7845 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Background: Alveolar bone augmentation is a complex process influenced by a multitude of factors. The materials applied in augmentation procedures must be confirmed as non-toxic, and their physicochemical properties should allow proper bone reconstruction. The specifics of oral surgical procedures require the use of regenerative biomaterials with antimicrobial properties. This study focuses on the physicochemical characteristics of chosen nanosized biomaterials, as well as their cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties. Methods: nanosized hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite (abbreviated as nHAp and nFAp) pellets were manufactured using a microwave hydrothermal synthesis method. The impact on Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains activity and adherence to apatites was tested. Cytotoxic evaluation was performed based on the differentiation process of MC3T3 cells. The effectiveness of MC3T3 differentiation was confirmed by Alizarin Red staining. Results: Contact with both biomaterials caused a reduction in the mean microbial count of S. mutans and C. albicans strains, as observed. Studied biomaterials demonstrated enhanced proliferation of MC3T3 cells, with the exception of the 1:1 nFAp concentration. Conclusions: Both biomaterials enhance the proliferation of fibroblasts and limit the activity of specific oral pathogens in vitro. The research clearly demonstrates the advantage of nFAp over nHAp, with a notable reduction in microbial count of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans over time. The lowest microbial count reduction was observed in the case of L. rhamnosus. Further research is required in order to fully understand the specifics of nHAp and nFAp antimicrobial action. However, the results were found to be more favourable for nFAp biomaterial.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20763417
Volume :
14
Issue :
17
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Applied Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.1e5f67f83cf24e378b0f274441c355c1
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177845