Some Dynamic Aspects of a Sextic Galactic Potential in a Rotating Reference Frame

This work aims to explore some dynamic aspects of the problem of star motion that is impacted by the rotation of the galaxy, which we model as a bisymmetric potential based on a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator with sextic perturbations. We demonstrate analytically that the motion is non-integrable when certain conditions are met. The analytical results for the non-integrability are confirmed by showing the irregularity of the behavior of the motion through utilizing the Poincaré surface of a section as a numerical method. The motion equilibrium positions are detected, and their stability is discussed. We show that the force generated by the rotating frame acts as a stabilizer for the maximum equilibrium points. We display graphically that the size of the stability regions relies on the angular velocity magnitude for the frame. Through the application of Lyapunov’s theorem, periodic solutions can be constructed which are close to the equilibrium positions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that there are one or two families of periodic solutions relying on whether the equilibrium point is a saddle or stable, respectively.