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Intranasal HBsAg/HBcAg-Containing Vaccine Induces Neutralizing Anti-HBs Production in Hepatitis B Vaccine Non-Responders

Authors :
Kana Shiraishi
Osamu Yoshida
Yusuke Imai
Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar
Takahiro Sanada
Michinori Kohara
Takashi Miyazaki
Taizou Kamishita
Teruki Miyake
Masashi Hirooka
Yoshio Tokumoto
Masanori Abe
Julio Cesar Aguilar Rubido
Gerardo Guillen Nieto
Yoichi Hiasa
Source :
Vaccines, Vol 11, Iss 9, p 1479 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

Hepatitis B vaccine induces the production of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) and prevents hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, 5–10% of individuals cannot develop anti-HBs even after multiple vaccinations (HB vaccine non-responders). We developed an intranasal vaccine containing both HBs antigen (HBsAg) and HB core antigen (HBcAg) and mixed it with a viscosity enhancer, carboxyl vinyl polymer (CVP-NASVAC). Here, we investigated the prophylactic capacity of CVP-NASVAC in HB vaccine non-responders. Thirty-four HB vaccine non-responders were administered three doses of intranasal CVP-NASVAC. The prophylactic capacity of CVP-NASVAC was assessed by evaluating the induction of anti-HBs and anti-HBc (IgA and IgG) production, HBV-neutralization activity of sera, and induction of HBs- and HBc-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). After CVP-NASVAC administration, anti-HBs and anti-HBc production were induced in 31/34 and 27/34 patients, respectively. IgA anti-HBs and anti-HBc titers significantly increased after CVP-NASVAC vaccination. HBV-neutralizing activity in vitro was confirmed in the sera of 26/29 CVP-NASVAC-administered participants. HBs- and HBc-specific CTL counts substantially increased after the CVP-NASVAC administration. Mild adverse events were observed in 9/34 participants; no serious adverse events were reported. Thus, CVP-NASVAC could be a beneficial vaccine for HB vaccine non-responders.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
11091479 and 2076393X
Volume :
11
Issue :
9
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Vaccines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.198fc98d553b4e0e9cc98cbf8ac411b9
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091479