Back to Search
Start Over
Cumulative Signaling Through NOD-2 and TLR-4 Eliminates the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Concealed Inside the Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- Source :
- Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2021.
-
Abstract
- For a long time, tuberculosis (TB) has been inflicting mankind with the highest morbidity and mortality. Although the current treatment is extremely potent, a few bacilli can still hide inside the host mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The functional capabilities of MSCs are known to be modulated by TLRs, NOD-2, and RIG-1 signaling. Therefore, we hypothesize that modulating the MSC activity through TLR-4 and NOD-2 can be an attractive immunotherapeutic strategy to eliminate the Mtb hiding inside these cells. In our current study, we observed that MSC stimulated through TLR-4 and NOD-2 (N2.T4) i) activated MSC and augmented the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines; ii) co-localized Mtb in the lysosomes; iii) induced autophagy; iv) enhanced NF-κB activity via p38 MAPK signaling pathway; and v) significantly reduced the intracellular survival of Mtb in the MSC. Overall, the results suggest that the triggering through N2.T4 can be a future method of immunotherapy to eliminate the Mtb concealed inside the MSC.
- Subjects :
- tuberculosis
mesenchymal stem cell
NOD-2
TLR-4
autophagy
Microbiology
QR1-502
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22352988
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.189ff3be422241c4b71866eae2f95d54
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.669168