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Trichinella spiralis Excretory–Secretory Products Stimulate Host Regulatory T Cell Differentiation through Activating Dendritic Cells
- Source :
- Cells, Vol 8, Iss 11, p 1404 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Trichinella spiralis maintains chronic infections within its host, involving a variety of immunomodulatory properties, the mechanisms of which have not been completely elucidated. In this study, we found that T. spiralis infection induced strong regulatory T cell responses through parasite excretory−secretory (ES) products, characterized by increase of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25−Foxp3+ Treg cells accompanied by high levels of IL-10 and TGF-β. T. spiralis adult worm excretory−secretory products (AES) and muscle larvae excretory−secretory products (MES) were both able to activate BMDCs in vitro to facilitate their maturation and to create regulatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. The T. spiralis AES- and MES-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) possessed abilities not only to present antigens to sensitized CD4+ T cell to stimulate their proliferation but also to induce naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate to Treg cells secreting IL-10 and TGF-β. The passive transfer of T. spiralis AES- and MES-pulsed bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) conferred the naive mice to acquire the differentiation of Treg cells. T. spiralis AES possesses a better ability to induce Treg cells than did MES, although the latter has the ability to induce CD4+CD25−Foxp3+ Treg cells. The results obtained in this study suggested that T. spiralis ES products stimulate the differentiation of host Treg cells possibly through activating dendritic cells to create a regulatory environment that benefits the survival of the parasite in the host.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734409
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Cells
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.15db8cb0a0104ce58a0be785e7ac4b56
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8111404