Prevalence and Causes of Various Types of Maxillofacial Fractures and their Treatment in Patients Referred to the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Toohid Hospital in Sanandaj, 2011-2016

Background and Aim: Jaw and facial fractures are an important health problem worldwide and in addition to the harmful effects they have on the beauty and performance of individuals, they also cause psychological and economic complications. The prevalence and causes of maxillofacial fractures vary from country to country and change from year to year. The purpose of this study is proper planning and appropriate public education to prevent and reduce the incidence of injury. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 300 cases of patients with maxillofacial fractures referred to the maxillofacial surgery department of Toohid Hospital in Sanandaj from 2011 to 2016 were reviewed. The collected data were analyzed using chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and SPSS16 software. Results: Out of 300 cases reviewed, the mean age of participants was 27.03 and the highest number of fractures was in the age range of 16-30 years. The highest number occurred in males (72%). The most common cause of fractures is related to vehicle accidents (57%). Out of 387 fractures studied, the highest number was related to mandibular bone (38.76%). Among them, the highest number of fractures was related to the angle area (19.91%) and also the most common treatment method used was closed implantation method and it was 61%. Conclusion: According to the results, the most common cause of jaw and face fractures in Sanandaj is traffic accidents, so strict observance of traffic rules, mandatory seat belts and helmets, increasing road safety and public education is essential.