STATE INTERESTS IN THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN RELATION TO LANDS AND OTHER NATURAL RESOURCES IN THE XVIII CENTURY

State interests are conditioned by historical necessity and always occupy a special place in complex social relations. State interest in land and other natural resources in the Russian Empire in the XVIII century is realized by the legislator in the form of application of the principle of restriction by the state of private land ownership in various spheres of activity. The relevance of the topic of this article is due to the problems that arose in the state in the XVIII century in connection with the formation of state rights and state tasks in relation to land ownership and natural resources, when using the main economic resource - land. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that for the first time the influence of some legal acts expressing, in the author's opinion, state interests on the land policy of the Russian Empire is considered. Some legal acts were just institutions necessary for the state and society as a whole, while the implementation of other legal acts that did not meet the economic interests of the landlords failed. In the XVIII century, in the formation of land policy, the state pursues the goals of settling issues of private land ownership and establishing the order of land disposal. At the same time, the features of the land policy of the state are influenced by areas related to land relations, such as mining and forestry. Ensuring the state interests of the Russian Empire in the XVIII century by the legislator is not stable, which is expressed in the initial establishment of restrictions or prohibitions in order to implement the state interest. Further, on the part of the state, there is a concession to the private interests of landowners, expressed in the subsequent issuance of a legal act that contradicts the objectives of the previously established prohibitions or cancels restrictions. Then prohibitions and restrictions were established again, which indicates the confrontation of private and public interests and the inability to cooperate with the privileged strata of society and the legislator.