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Unbiased enrichment of urine exfoliated cells on nanostructured substrates for sensitive detection of urothelial tumor cells

Unbiased enrichment of urine exfoliated cells on nanostructured substrates for sensitive detection of urothelial tumor cells

Authors :
Xin Wang
Yuanyuan Gu
Shiwei Zhang
Gangqiang Li
Tianyao Liu
Tianwei Wang
Haixiang Qin
Bo Jiang
Lin Zhu
Yajun Li
Haozhi Lei
Ming Li
Qun Zhang
Rong Yang
Feng Fang
Hongqian Guo
Source :
Cancer Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 290-301 (2020)
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
Wiley, 2020.

Abstract

Abstract Background Early detection of urothelial carcinoma (UC) by noninvasive diagnostic methods with high accuracy is still underscored. This study aimed to develop a noninvasive assay incorporating both enrichment of urine exfoliated cells and immunoassays for UC detection. Methods Polystyrene dishes were exposed to oxygen plasma and modified with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane to prepare amine‐functionalized nanostructured substrates (NS). Performance characterization of NS was evaluated by atomic force microscope and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Urine exfoliated cells were captured by NS and then immunostained to detect urinary tumor cells (UTCs), which was called UTC assay. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under ROC curve (AUC), and Youden index were used to find the cutoff value of UTC assay. ROC analysis and McNemar test were used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of UTC assay with cytology. Kappa test was used to analyze the agreement of UTC assay and cytology with pathological diagnosis. Results Nanostructured substrates had good cell binding yields of nucleated cells and tumor cells. CK20+CD45−CD11b− cells were considered as UTCs. UTC number ≥ 1 per sample could be considered as a positive result. By AUC and Kappa analysis, UTC assay showed good performance in UC detection. McNemar test demonstrated that UTC assay had a superior sensitivity even in low‐grade subgroup and a similar specificity compared to cytology in UC diagnosis. Conclusions Nanostructured substrates could be used to enrich the exfoliated cells from urine samples. UTC assay with NS has the potential to play a role in UC detection. The value of this assay still needs additional validation by large, multi‐center studies.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20457634
Volume :
9
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Cancer Medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.150e5697f6c0493d961345f2147ef50f
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2655