Early atherogenic signals in children and adolescents of a rural community of Majibacoa, Las Tunas

Background: the consequent diseases on atherosclerosis and the risk factors associated with it can be minimized, mostly if they are early detected and changed.Objective: to identify the presence of early atherosclerotic signals in children and adolescents belonging to Doctor’s Office No. 48 of the health district of “7 de Noviembre” University Polyclinic of the municipality of Majibacoa, province of Las Tunas, from November 30, 2019 to February 21, 2020.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with a universe of 831 patients belonging to the aforementioned health district and during the period of time herein declared. The sample was made up of the 94 patients of 19 years of age. The following variables were assessed: age, sex, and various atherogenic signals. Frequency distribution analysis and descriptive statistics were used.Results: the 11 to 15 age group predominated, with a mean of 11,13 ± 4,693 years. The male sex was more affected, 60,64 %. Sedentary lifestyle was the risk factor mostly identified (61,70 %), followed by smoking (47,87 %) and low intake of vegetables (40,43 %). In the female sex there was a prevalence of the presence of two atherogenic signals (in 40,54 % of the cases) and in the male sex there was only one atherogenic signal (38,30 %).Conclusions: the presence of atherogenic signals was identified in a group of patients susceptible to develop diseases consequent on atherosclerosis.