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The ability of biomarkers to assess the severity of atopic dermatitis

Authors :: Takeshi Nakahara, MD, PhD
Daisuke Onozuka, PhD
Satoshi Nunomura, PhD
Hidehisa Saeki, MD, PhD
Motoi Takenaka, MD, PhD
Mai Matsumoto, MD, PhD
Yoko Kataoka, MD
Rai Fujimoto, MD, PhD
Sakae Kaneko, MD, PhD
Eishin Morita, MD, PhD
Akio Tanaka, MD, PhD
Ryo Saito, MD, PhD
Tatsuro Okano, MD, PhD
Tomomitsu Miyagaki, MD, PhD
Natsuko Aoki, MD, PhD
Kimiko Nakajima, MD, PhD
Susumu Ichiyama, MD, PhD
Makiko Kido-Nakahara, MD, PhD
Kyoko Tonomura, MD, PhD
Yukinobu Nakagawa, MD, PhD
Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka, MD, PhD
Koji Masuda, MD, PhD
Takuya Takeichi, MD, PhD
Masashi Akiyama, MD, PhD
Yozo Ishiuji, MD, PhD
Michie Katsuta, MD, PhD
Yuki Kinoshita, MD, PhD
Chiharu Tateishi, MD, PhD
Aya Yamamoto, MD, PhD
Akimichi Morita, MD, PhD
Haruna Matsuda-Hirose, MD, PhD
Yutaka Hatano, MD, PhD
Hiroshi Kawasaki, MD, PhD
Ayano Fukushima-Nomura, MD
Mamitaro Ohtsuki, MD, PhD
Koji Kamiya, MD, PhD
Yudai Kabata, MD, PhD
Riichiro Abe, MD, PhD
Hiroshi Mitsui, MD, PhD
Tatsuyoshi Kawamura, MD, PhD
Gaku Tsuji, MD, PhD
Norito Katoh, MD, PhD
Masutaka Furue, MD, PhD
Kenji Izuhara, MD, PhD
Source :: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 100175- (2024)
Publication Year :: 2024
Publisher :: Elsevier, 2024.
Abstract: Background: To develop precision medicine for atopic dermatitis (AD), it is critical to establish relevant biomarkers. However, the characteristics of various biomarkers have not been fully understood. We previously carried out the Biomarkers to Predict Clinical Improvement of AD in Patients Treated with Dupilumab (B-PAD) study, a comprehensive nationwide study in Japan, to explore biomarkers for AD. Objective: The aim of this study is to find biomarkers associated with objective and subjective clinical findings in patients with moderate-to-severe AD based on the B-PAD study and to identify biomarkers sensitive enough to assess the severity of AD. Methods: We performed the B-PAD study as a consortium composed of 19 medical facilities in Japan, enrolling 110 patients with moderate-to-severe AD. We evaluated the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) for objective assessment as well as the Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) and a numeric rating scale for pruritus (pruritis-NRS) for subjective assessment, measuring 19 biomarkers at baseline. Results: We found that 12, 6, and 7 biomarkers showed significant and positive associations with the EASI, POEM, and pruritis-NRS, respectively. Most of the biomarkers associated with either the POEM or the pruritis-NRS were included among the biomarkers associated with EASI. Of the biomarkers examined, CCL26/eotaxin-3 and SCCA2 were the most capable of assessing severity for EASI, as shown by the 2 kinds of receiver operating characteristic analyses, respectively, whereas lactate dehydrogenase was the best for both the POEM and pruritis-NRS, again using the 2 analyses. Conclusion: We found biomarkers associated with the EASI, POEM, and pruritis-NRS, respectively, based on the B-PAD study. Moreover, we identified CCL26/eotaxin-3 and/or SCCA2 as the biomarkers having the greatest ability to assess severity in the EASI; lactate dehydrogenase did the same for the POEM and pruritis-NRS. These findings will be useful in treating patients with moderate-to-severe AD.