Effect of Hydatid Cyst Fluid Antigens on Induction of Apoptosis on Breast Cancer Cells

Background: Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic and parasitic disease with worldwide distribution. Anticancer effects of hydatid cyst have been shown in cell culture experiments and animal model investigations. The mechanism of anti-cancer effects of hydatid cyst fluid has not been clearly elucidated, and the induction of apoptosis may have a role in this regard. Hence, in this study, the effect of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) on the induction of apoptosis on mouse breast cancer (4T1) cell line in cell culture medium has been investigated. Materials and Methods: Echinococcus granulosus HCF antigens including Antigen B (AgB), glycolipid, glycoprotein, and 78 KDa fractions were prepared. Breast cancer cell line (4T1) was cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and appropriate antibiotics. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using the annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate apoptosis kit. Results: The 78 KDa and glycoprotein fractions induced more than 40% apoptosis. HCF and glycolipid antigens induced 39% and 34% apoptosis, respectively. However, less apoptosis observed after treatment with AgB fraction. Conclusion: Hydatid cyst antigens especially the 78 KDa and glycoprotein fractions induced apoptosis on mouse breast cancer cells.