Nanozymes in the Treatment of Diseases Caused by Excessive Reactive Oxygen Specie

Shufeng Liang,1,2 Xin Tian,3 Chunyan Wang4 1Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital, Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Environmental Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Transfusion, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xin Tian; Chunyan Wang, Department of Transfusion, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 Zhigongxin Street, Xinghualing, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15110313926, Email xtian@suda.edu.cn; chunyanwang2007@163.comAbstract: Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) may generate deleterious effects on biomolecules, such as DNA damage, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, causing cell and tissue damage and eventually leading to the pathogenesis of diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia/reperfusion ((I/R)) injury, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, the modulation of ROS can be an efficient means to relieve the aforementioned diseases. Several studies have verified that antioxidants such as Mitoquinone (a mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q10 derivative) can scavenge ROS and attenuate related diseases. Nanozymes, defined as nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like properties that also possess antioxidant properties, are hence expected to be promising alternatives for the treatment of ROS-related diseases. This review introduces the types of nanozymes with inherent antioxidant activities, elaborates on various strategies (eg, controlling the size or shape of nanozymes, regulating the composition of nanozymes and environmental factors) for modulating their catalytic activities, and summarizes their performances in treating ROS-induced diseases.Keywords: nanozymes, enzyme-mimic, oxidative stress, antioxidant, ROS-related diseases