Is VATS approach suitable in re-operations for postoperative hemothorax after pulmonary resection? Data analysis in a big volume thoracic center

Abstract Objective This study explored the safety and of feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) in re-operations for post-operative hemothorax. Methods The clinical data of patients underwent re-operations due to post-operative hemothorax after pulmonary resection in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from 2006 to 2018 were retrospectively analysed. The incidence of re-operations were analyzed. The mortality and morbidity were compared between thoracotomy and thoracoscopic procedure for re-exploration. Results A total of 114 patients were included. The annual incidence rate ranged from 0.21 to 0.54%; the perioperative mortality was 2.6%; there were 114 cases of re-operations for hemothorax after 2012, including 62 cases in thoracoscopy group and 52 cases in open group. The durations of chest-tube drainage (7.2 ± 3.9 days vs 10.9 ± 12.0 days, P = 0.001) and length of stay in hospital (13.7 ± 6.7 days vs 18.9 ± 10.6 days, P = 0.002) in the thoracoscopic group were shorter than those in the open group. The thoracoscopic group had fewer post-operative complications as well (P = 0.023). Meanwhile, post-operative complications in the delayed group were significantly higher than those in the non-delayed group, with a longer length of hospital stay and higher hospitalization costs. Conclusion Complete VATS is safe and feasible for re-operation due to post-operative hemothorax and can be an alternative to thoracotomy. Delayed re-operations are associated with more post-operative complications and higher costs.