A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Platelet Rich Fibrin with Nanocrystalline Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in the Treatment of Periodontal Intrabony Defects

Background: Presently, there is no gold-standard regenerative material for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. The use of bone grafts in combination with guided tissue regeneration membrane is a predictable treatment option but is expensive. Platelet concentrates are increasingly being used due to their ease of use and cost-effectiveness. Aims: The objective of the present study is to compare clinically and also by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), the effect of platelet-rich fibrin combined with synthetic beta-tricalcium phosphate to synthetic beta-tricalcium phosphate alone in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. Materials and Methods: 10 patients possessing 2 almost identical interproximal intrabony defects in either side of mandible were selected and the defects were further divided into 2 groups randomly: Control Group A (Beta-tricalcium phosphate placed) and Test Group B (Beta-tricalcium phosphate with platelet-rich fibrin placed). Regeneration of soft tissue and hard tissue (using CBCT) were evaluated after 6 months from baseline in both groups. Statistical Analysis Used: The intragroup and intergroup comparisons were done using Paired and student t-test. Results: Intragroup showed significant improvement in both soft tissue and hard tissue parameters. Mean of all parameters was better in the test group; however, the intergroup difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, the use of beta-tricalcium phosphate bone graft combined with platelet-rich fibrin and beta-tricalcium phosphate bone graft alone are both equally effective for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.