Disordered Gut Microbiome and Alterations in Metabolic Patterns Are Associated With Hypertensive Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Background Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is most common when driven by hypertension, and it is a strong independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events and death. Some animal models support a role for gut microbiota and metabolites in the development of LVH, but cohort studies confirming these findings in populations are lacking. Methods and Results We investigated the alterations of gut microbiota and metabolites in 30 patients with hypertension, 30 patients with hypertensive LVH, and 30 matched controls on the basis of 16S rDNA and metabolomic analyses. Thirty stool and 90 serum samples were collected in fasting conditions. ANOVA/Kruskal–Wallis/Pearson's χ2/Fisher's exact test and Bonferroni's correction were used (P