Design of a Wideband High-Gain Monopulse Antenna for X- and Ku-Bands Applications

The present study provides a wideband high-gain monopulse antenna based on a dielectric lens operating in X- and Ku-bands, in which a wideband dielectric lens is designed and employed to fulfill the radiation pattern and bandwidth necessities of a monopulse antenna. The proposed configuration has four horns allowing for the simultaneous creation of $\Delta $ and $\Sigma $ designs in two perpendicular planes. The main advantages of the proposed dielectric lens are low cost, lightweight, and easy fabrication using 3-D printing technology. The measurement findings show that the peak gain of the sum pattern is 28.9 dBi with a peak aperture efficiency of 60% over the desired frequency bandwidth. The suggested design can produce a simultaneous sum and two distinct difference patterns in orthogonal planes, meeting the rigorous demands for speed and accuracy in tracking applications.