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Influence of vitamin D supplementation on growth, body composition, pubertal development and spirometry in South African schoolchildren: a randomised controlled trial (ViDiKids)

Authors :
Cyrus Cooper
David A Jolliffe
Adrian R Martineau
Linda-Gail Bekker
Nicholas C Harvey
William D Fraser
Keren Middelkoop
Jonathan Tang
Anna K Coussens
Robert J Wilkinson
Neil Walker
Lisa Micklesfield
Justine Stewart
Amy E Mendham
James Nuttall
Waheedullah Momand
Source :
BMJ Paediatrics Open, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
BMJ Publishing Group, 2024.

Abstract

Objective To determine whether weekly oral vitamin D supplementation influences growth, body composition, pubertal development or spirometric outcomes in South African schoolchildren.Design Phase 3 double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial.Setting Socioeconomically disadvantaged peri-urban district of Cape Town, South Africa.Participants 1682 children of black African ancestry attending government primary schools and aged 6–11 years at baseline.Interventions Oral vitamin D3 (10 000 IU/week) versus placebo for 3 years.Main outcome measures Height-for-age and body mass index-for-age, measured in all participants; Tanner scores for pubertal development, spirometric lung volumes and body composition, measured in a subset of 450 children who additionally took part in a nested substudy.Results Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration at 3-year follow-up was higher among children randomised to receive vitamin D versus placebo (104.3 vs 64.7 nmol/L, respectively; mean difference (MD) 39.7 nmol/L, 95% CI 37.6 to 41.9 nmol/L). No statistically significant differences in height-for-age z-score (adjusted MD (aMD) −0.08, 95% CI −0.19 to 0.03) or body mass index-for-age z-score (aMD −0.04, 95% CI −0.16 to 0.07) were seen between vitamin D versus placebo groups at follow-up. Among substudy participants, allocation to vitamin D versus placebo did not influence pubertal development scores, % predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), % predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), % predicted FEV1/FVC, fat mass or fat-free mass.Conclusions Weekly oral administration of 10 000 IU vitamin D3 boosted vitamin D status but did not influence growth, body composition, pubertal development or spirometric outcomes in South African schoolchildren.Trial registration numbers ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02880982, South African National Clinical Trials Register DOH-27-0916-5527.

Subjects

Subjects :
Pediatrics
RJ1-570

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
23999772
Volume :
8
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
BMJ Paediatrics Open
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.07f8e889db6445a88839aa69107c9b5e
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002495