Research on discharge effect of solar array with power supply subjected to hypervelocity impact

Plasma-induced discharge is an important effect on the solar array of orbiting space vehicles subjected to hypervelocity impact, which will pose a serious threat to the power supply system of spacecraft. The paper investigates experimentally the process that the projectile in various impact velocities and incidence angles impact on solar array with sandwich structure comprising of a coverglass, a silica gel and a 2A12 aluminum liner at the different positions. The electron temperature and density of the plasma were diagnosed by applying in independent-constructed Triple Langmuir Probe diagnostic system, meanwhile, the charging and discharge test system were also constructed by ourselves. Three sets of experiments have been performed by two-stage light gas gun loading system and related measurement system. Especially, residual velocity was measured when projectile pierced through the solar array with composite structure. Experimental results revealed the discharge causes based on stress wave theory, and the discharge current characteristics of a primary and a secondary discharge of solar array induced by hypervelocity impact were given through hypervelocity impact experiments. Finally, it will provide a valuable benchmark for the construction of solar array against space debris.