Tolerance of the winter soft wheat varieties and collection samples to a complex of the most harmful diseases in the conditions of nizhny Don

On the fields with infectious backgrounds more than one thousands of varieties and samples of collection and breeding material of winter wheat are annually estimated for resistance to six diseases (brown and yellow rust, leaf blotch, powdery mildew, loose and kernel smut). Among the collection material there have been identified the samples tolerant and resistant to all studied diseases as well as the samples with complex resistance to 3–6 pathogens (e. g. “Maris Kinsman”, “Tucan”, “Liwilla”, “KS93V76”, “PL 178383” and others). Such varieties of the Inter-Station Variety Testing (ISVT) from Russia, Ukraine, Germany, France as “Etana”, “Kurs”, “Rotaks”, “Solokha”, “Shestopalovka” cannot be artificially infected with the diseases. There has been identified a small percentage among the present varieties and collection samples tolerant to such diseases as powdery mildew, leaf blotch and kernel smut. The winter soft wheat varieties developed in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” both widely cultivated in production, and introduced for study in the SVT in recent years, are characterized by a high resistance to 2–4 studied diseases. These are the varieties “Tanais”, “Rostovchanka 7”, “Aksiniya”, “Nakhodka” which are recommended to plant after fallow forecrops and the varieties “Krasa Dona”, “Ermak”, “Donskoy Syurpriz”, “Don 107”, “Izyuminka”, “Asket”, “Lidiya” which are recommended to plant after non-fallow forecrops. The identified resistant varieties are recommended for wide cultivation, and the sources of resistance to a complex of the main harmful diseases on the Nizhny Don can be used in the breeding programs on immunity.