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Cell wall dynamics stabilize tip growth in a filamentous fungus.

Authors :
Louis Chevalier
Mario Pinar
Rémi Le Borgne
Catherine Durieu
Miguel A Peñalva
Arezki Boudaoud
Nicolas Minc
Source :
PLoS Biology, Vol 21, Iss 1, p e3001981 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2023.

Abstract

Hyphal tip growth allows filamentous fungi to colonize space, reproduce, or infect. It features remarkable morphogenetic plasticity including unusually fast elongation rates, tip turning, branching, or bulging. These shape changes are all driven from the expansion of a protective cell wall (CW) secreted from apical pools of exocytic vesicles. How CW secretion, remodeling, and deformation are modulated in concert to support rapid tip growth and morphogenesis while ensuring surface integrity remains poorly understood. We implemented subresolution imaging to map the dynamics of CW thickness and secretory vesicles in Aspergillus nidulans. We found that tip growth is associated with balanced rates of CW secretion and expansion, which limit temporal fluctuations in CW thickness, elongation speed, and vesicle amount, to less than 10% to 20%. Affecting this balance through modulations of growth or trafficking yield to near-immediate changes in CW thickness, mechanics, and shape. We developed a model with mechanical feedback that accounts for steady states of hyphal growth as well as rapid adaptation of CW mechanics and vesicle recruitment to different perturbations. These data provide unprecedented details on how CW dynamics emerges from material secretion and expansion, to stabilize fungal tip growth as well as promote its morphogenetic plasticity.

Subjects

Subjects :
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
15449173 and 15457885
Volume :
21
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
PLoS Biology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.06b690b00b0641b9b384db7cae5547c7
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001981