Development of a new initial-beam-loading compensation system and its application to a free-electron-laser linac

We have developed an initial-beam-loading compensation system by a new compensation method, where the system modulates the phase and amplitude of a low-level rf signal simultaneously, thereby optimizing a high-power rf waveform fed to an accelerating structure to compensate the beam energy spread. This compensation system is very compact and can easily be installed in and removed from a klystron system. This system was used in a beam test performed in the 125 MeV electron linac of the Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application in Nihon University. Experimental results demonstrate that this system effectively corrects the beam energy spread due to the initial-beam-loading effect. The new compensation method is expected to be effective in the compensation of energy spread in high-intensity and long-pulse beams in electron linacs.