Fully dense nanocrystalline (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Zr2O7 high-entropy ceramics fabricated under ultra-high pressure

In this work, nanocrystalline high-entropy ceramics (HECs) were prepared by the combination of combustion synthesis and ultra-high pressure sintering. The prepared high-entropy (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Zr2O7 ceramic powder had the average grain size of 11 nm and displayed the disordered defective fluorite structure. The HECs sintered under ultra-high pressure showed the defective fluorite structure, whereas the control samples fabricated by pressureless sintering showed the ordered pyrochlore structure. The HECs sintered under pressure of 10 GPa possessed much smaller grain size than that obtained by pressureless sintering. In particular, the grain size of ceramics sintered under 10 GPa at 600 °C was not significantly larger than that of raw powder and its Vickers hardness was 11.9 GPa. Ultra-high pressure sintering could remarkably increase the density of ceramics and restrain the growth of grains. The plastic deformation under ultra-high pressure was believed as the main densification mechanism for the grain refinement and performance improvement.