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Seasonal variations of water-soluble ions in PM10 at a WMO/GAW station in the Yangtze River Delta, China
- Source :
- E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 194, p 04058 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- EDP Sciences, 2020.
-
Abstract
- In order to understand the seasonal levels, formation mechanism and atmospheric chemical behaviours of water-soluble ions of PM10 in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, aerosol samples were collected from January 2nd to December 28th, 2017 at a WMO/GAW regional background station in Lin’an. The concentrations of PM mass and nine water-soluble inorganic ions were obtained. The annual average concentration of PM10 was 59.9±33.9 μg m−3, lower than those reported in previous studies, indicating air quality of YRD region was improved. Nine water-soluble inorganic ions was accounted for 30.2-45.1% of the total PM mass, while ammonium (NH4+), sulfate (SO42+), as well as nitrate (NO3-) were the major ions which contributed 86.3% to total ions. The NO3- concentration was lowest in summer but highest in winter, suggesting it was likely influenced by thermodynamics. The levels of SO42- in spring and winter were related to photochemical reaction and regional transportation. Except for the SNA, Ca2+ was highest in four seasons likely due to sand storm and road fugitive dust. The annual mean ratio of [NO3-]/[SO42-] was nearly to 1, indicating mobile and stationary sources were equally important in Lin’an. The mean nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) and sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) were 0.22±0.13 and 0.41±0.13, respectively, suggesting secondary formation was significant in the atmosphere at the background station of YRD region.
- Subjects :
- Environmental sciences
GE1-350
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English, French
- ISSN :
- 22671242
- Volume :
- 194
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- E3S Web of Conferences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.0382aa44a4e24c24845a6dfe95edc173
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019404058