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Sclerodermic Cardiomyopathy—A State-of-the-Art Review

Authors :
Adrian Giucă
Tea Gegenava
Carmen Marina Mihai
Ciprian Jurcuţ
Adrian Săftoiu
Diana Monica Gȋrniţă
Bogdan Alexandru Popescu
Nina Ajmone Marsan
Ruxandra Jurcuț
Source :
Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 3, p 669 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with unknown triggering factors, and complex pathophysiologic links which lead to fibrosis of skin and internal organs, including the heart, lungs, and gut. However, more than 100 years after the first description of cardiac disease in SSc, sclerodermic cardiomyopathy (SScCmp) is an underrecognized, occult disease with important adverse long-term prognosis. Laboratory tests, electrocardiography (ECG) and cardiovascular multimodality imaging techniques (transthoracic 2D and 3D echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and novel imaging techniques, including myocardial deformation analysis) provide new insights into the cardiac abnormalities in patients with SSc. This state-of-the-art review aims to stratify all the cardiac investigations needed to diagnose and follow-up the SScCmp, and discusses the epidemiology, risk factors and pathophysiology of this important cause of morbidity of the SSc patient.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20754418 and 02432633
Volume :
12
Issue :
3
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Diagnostics
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.02432633137644adb77bd7eac79e045a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030669