Association of echocardiographic measures of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophy with presence of coronary microvascular dysfunction

Background: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a common disorder, leading to symptoms similar to obstructive coronary artery disease. We aimed to determine whether measures of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and hypertrophy may predict presence of CMD. Methods: We retrospectively included patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography and transthoracic echocardiography, excluding patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, previous revascularization therapy, moderate or severe mitral valve disease, or atrial fibrillation. The following markers of LV diastolic function and hypertrophy were assessed: E- and A-wave velocity, E-wave deceleration time, E/A- and E/E′-ratio, left atrial area, left LV mass index, LV ejection time (LVET) and mitral valve closure to opening time. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of echocardiographic parameters with presence of CMD. Results: From 378 patients (mean age ± SD 59.7 ± 13.6 years, 45.6% male) included, the majority had CMD (n = 293, 77.5%). Patients with CMD were older (60.5 ± 13.4 years vs. 56.9 ± 14.3 years, p = 0.03), were less frequent male (42.3% vs. 57.0%, p = 0.02), and had higher systolic blood pressure (137.9 ± 25.7 mmHg vs. 124.7 ± 25.6 mmHg, p