Survey on The Occurrence of Viruses Infecting Cucurbits in Yogyakarta and Central Java

Cucurbits are grown throughout the Java Island as dry season crops. Plants having mosaic, mottling, chlorosis and leaf distortion symptoms were frequently found in most of the cucurbit fields during the survey which conducted in Central Java including Sleman, Kulon Progo, and Klaten during July–September 2000 and 2001. Using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA); Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus (KGMMV) were found infecting cucurbits. CMV was widespread, infecting 48.9% of the samples tested followed by CGMMV (12.8%) and KGMMV (6.4%), while others samples (31.9%) were not tested, double infections were common with 8.5 % of the samples being infected with two viruses (CGMMV and KGMMV) and 34% with three viruses (CMV, CGMMV, and KGMMV). Severe mosaic and mottle symptoms were associated most often with single infection of CGMMV and KGMMV respectively. In addition, these are the first detections of CGMMV and KGMMV infecting cucurbit plants in Indonesia. Tanaman labu-labuan umumnya tumbuh sepanjang musim kemarau diPulau Jawa. Tanaman labu-labuan dengan gejala mosaik, klorosis, mottling dan bentuk daun serta buah yang berubah banyak dijumpai selama survei yang dilakukan di Kulon Progo, Sleman dan Klaten pada bulan Juli sampai September tahun 2000 dan 2001. Deteksi menggunakan metode double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) telah berhasil mengetahui keberadaan dan infeksiCucumber mosaic virus(CMV),Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) dan Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus (KGMMV) pada tanaman labu-labuan di tiga kabupaten tersebut. CMV menginfeksi tanaman labu-labuan tinggi yaitu 48,9% dari jumlah sampel tanaman yang dikoleksi, kemudian CGMMV (12,8%) dan KGMMV(6,4%), sedangkan sebanyak 14 sampel tanaman (31,9%)tidak dideteksi.Infeksi ganda banyak ditemukan dan 8,5 % sampel tanaman terinfeksi oleh dua jenis virus (CGMMV dan KGMMV) sedangkan 34% sampel tanaman terinfeksi oleh tiga jenis virus (CMV, CGMMV, dan KGMMV). Gejala mosaik dan mottling sering terjadi pada tanaman labu-labuan yang terinfeksi ganda oleh CGMMV dan KGMMV. Hasil penelitian merupakan deteksi pertama CGMMV dan KGGMV pada tanaman labu-labuan di Indonesia.