Pre-clinical development of oxidative DNA adducts as biomarkers for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mechanistically implicated in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Intracellular ROS may cause oxidative DNA damage, resulting in the formation of adducts, such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8oxo-dG) and the cyclic pyrimidopurinone N-1, N-2 malondialdehyde-2'deoxyguanosine (MidG). These adducts have been associated with carcinogenesis, genomic instability and clonal evolution. It has previously been shown in vitro that testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) increase ROS levels in the androgensensitive, human prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP.