Passive Aperiodic Optical Phased Array based on Uniform Random Shuffle

Grating lobes arise from the periodic nature of element spacing in the optical phased array. Essentially, the phased array performs the Spatial Fourier Transform on light; the steering capability of the main lobe is governed by phase shift variations among waveguides, and the Sidelobe Suppression Ratio (SLSR) correlates with the uniformity of emitter positions. Leveraging this understanding, we have optimized a 1x64 channel passive aperiodic OPAs with the uniform random shuffle in the emitter's position. Our conceptual simulations highlight a robust steering capability (18.60{\deg} / 10nm) and SLSR (-13.46 dB @ 0{\deg} / -8.27 dB @ +/-45{\deg}), and initial measurements demonstrate the steering capability (9.8 {\deg} / 10nm, with smaller phase shifts design) and SLSR (-6.1dB @ -33.4{\deg}) from the preliminary fabrication.